雅思寫(xiě)作是許多雅思考生最為頭疼的，同時(shí)也是得分最不理想的一個(gè)部分。在寫(xiě)作實(shí)戰(zhàn)中，考生遇到的問(wèn)題往往有以下幾種：一、時(shí)間不充足;二、字?jǐn)?shù)不夠;三、思路不夠清晰。其實(shí)他們根本不知道雅思寫(xiě)作的特點(diǎn)，不知道如何安排文章的就夠，如何提出論點(diǎn)，如何論證，如何展開(kāi)段落，因而整篇文章就像一盤(pán)散沙，會(huì)存在論點(diǎn)不明確、論證論據(jù)缺乏力度、結(jié)構(gòu)邏輯混論等問(wèn)題。
雅思大作文一般分為開(kāi)頭段、主體段和論證段。其中，開(kāi)頭段和論證段所占字?jǐn)?shù)較少，而且寫(xiě)起來(lái)相對(duì)容易。而主體段字?jǐn)?shù)較多，寫(xiě)起來(lái)浮渣的多。可以說(shuō)，主體段的寫(xiě)作直接關(guān)系著能否滿足字?jǐn)?shù)要求，而且也最能體現(xiàn)文章的邏輯性。下面是雅思大作文主體段的寫(xiě)作方法，給大家歸納了四點(diǎn)，希望大家認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)。
一、主體段總體要求
1)correctness(正確性)：用詞句法正確
2)coherence&consistency(一致性):前后論證一致，邏輯性好
3)cogency(說(shuō)服力):觀點(diǎn)要有力度,緊扣題目
二、主體段結(jié)構(gòu)
Topic sentence+Supporting sentences
(1)Topic sentence:highlight your central point with one sentence(1 sentence)
(2)Supporting sentences：sentences for the extension,explanation and justification of the topic sentences(2—3 sentence)
例:The advertising is discouraging people from being individual and makes people be or seem to be the same.Do you agree or disagree?
Do the positive effects of advertising outweigh its negative effects?
例題三個(gè)分支觀點(diǎn)
To begin with,one of the major functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.(正面觀點(diǎn)1)
What is also worth noticing here is that advertising serves to stimulate consumption and contributes to economic development.(正面觀點(diǎn)2)
In spite of its importance,there is no denying that every now and then,advertising leads customers into an impulsive purchase,thereby causing wasteful spending.(反面觀點(diǎn))
三、如何寫(xiě)分支觀點(diǎn)后的支持句
分支觀點(diǎn)后的支持句很重要!!
1.考官最喜歡把玩你的地方
2.最能體現(xiàn)你邏輯思維的地方
寫(xiě)支持句的方法
1.Explanation:延伸解釋法
對(duì)分支觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行解釋和說(shuō)明，進(jìn)一步細(xì)化它的含義-
常用解釋句表達(dá)：
Specifically，
To be more precise/specific,…
That is to say,…
That means….
例：Another reason I am against students being in control is that it means students will not study as much.By that I mean if students get to pick the program,they will only pick the areas they like.Maybe one student will only study history,another chemistry.This can be good,but a student should study all subjects.Teachers can make sure the students study everything and get a better education.
2.并列與遞進(jìn)
并列詞：first/first of all/in the first place/to begin with/second/also/…as well/…,too/another reason is that…/for one thing,…for another,…/third/lastly/finally/last but not least。
例:1.Close friendships have numerous benefits.For one thing,loyal friends are always there to support each other,no matter what happens.In this case,Some friendships last many years,becoming deeper and more meaningful with time.Besides,people can be themselves with friends.No one has to worry about not being perfect when he/she is among friends.Finally,nothing can be more satisfying than the intimate conversations that true friends can have.They can confide(信賴)in and trust each other.
例2：在一篇有關(guān)伴侶的文章中，Secondly,traveling expenditures may be cut down and much money can be saved.Regarding the accommodation on the journey,companions can share a double room in a hotel.Thus,each of them only has to pay half of the room price.The same is true with eating.It is a most popular choice for travelers to go dutch when having meals in restaurants.In this case,not only can they enjoy more dishes,but they also spend less money than people who dine alone.In addition,on the trip,there might be the necessity to rent vehicles.Likewise,transportation costs can be shared equally between them as well.
遞進(jìn)詞：the primary reason is that+句子(表語(yǔ)從句)…/…is primary/The chief consideration is…/Moreover,…/Furthermore/Apart from…,…/Aside from…,…/besides,…/what’s more,…/Plus,…/In addition,…/Additionally,…/More importantly,…/Worse yet,Worse still…
例:3.Many people enjoy participating in sports for recreation because it offers an opportunity to be part of a group.As a participant,you can join a team and enjoy all the benefits of membership,from shared experiences to a sense of belonging.Moreover,in training for a sport,an exercise routine contributes to your health.Probably even more important than group identity and good health are the life lessons that participation in a sport provides.Setting a goal and working toward it,collaborating with others and putting a plan into action are all good lessons that can be learned on the playing field.
例4：I do not think biking is a safe means of transportation in America-for three reasons.To begin with,in my perspective,many different pieces of bicycle equipment can be unreliable and may cause bike accidents.For instance,if a bike does not have good brakes,it cannot be stopped effectively.Similarly,a weak light will make it difficult for a bike to see at night.Aside from defective equipment,a biker may have difficulty controlling his bike when it is windy or rainy,which is common in many American cities.Under such conditions,water may obstruct the bike view.And I believe most bike accidents are actually caused by bikes who do not stop at a stop sign or by bikers whose pants legs get caught in the bike chain.
3.Extension:因果關(guān)系法
1)分支觀點(diǎn)中的情況出現(xiàn)——影響
2)原因——分支觀點(diǎn)中的情況出現(xiàn)
追溯分支觀點(diǎn)中的現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因，或者分之觀點(diǎn)中的現(xiàn)象會(huì)導(dǎo)致什么后果
例5：主題句：There are more job opportunities readily available in the big cities than in small towns.
支持句:The economic conditions in big cities are generally better than those in small towns,which,in return,attracts more investment from commercial corporations.Therefore,compared with most of small towns,there are always more modern and international enterprises which can offer city residents numerous job opportunities.
例6：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?To improve the quality of education,universities should spend money on salaries of university professors.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Higher salaries improve the education level to some extent.Higher salaries attracts famous professors from all over the world to work the university.An apt example to illustrate this idea is the rapid development of the University of Hong Kong,which spends a large amount of money on faculty’s payment.Faculty there could have a 30%higher salaries than those work in Europe or America,so many professors move to Hong Kong to continue their researches,resulting in a rapid development of the university.Besides,ample funds allow professors to totally focus on their work,rather than worrying about the scarcity of money all day.
4.Data:數(shù)據(jù)法
用數(shù)據(jù)說(shuō)話，可以根據(jù)題目適當(dāng)編撰，但不要太離譜，一定要寫(xiě)明數(shù)據(jù)出處
常用表達(dá)：According to a recently conducted research/investigation/survey by authorities/…department,…….
例7.According to a recently conducted investigation by the government in my hometown,my hometown used to have one million acres of forest.People here are shortsighted as to sell the trees for$10 per piece.Trees are sold at a rate of approximately 100 thousand pieces annually,a speed fast enough to leave no trees to their descendents within a decade.
四、如何寫(xiě)支持句舉例
To begin with,one of the major functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.(正面觀點(diǎn)1)
What is also worth noticing here is that advertising serves to stimulate consumption and contributes to economic development.(正面觀點(diǎn)2)
In spite of its importance,there is no denying that every now and then,advertising leads customers into an impulsive purchase,thereby causing wasteful spending.(反面觀點(diǎn))
拓展例題的個(gè)分支觀點(diǎn)
To begin with,one of the major functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.
(正面觀點(diǎn)1)
支持句1.Common knowledge is that advertising refers to presenting information relevant to a product or service by a variety of media,such as television,radio,newspaper,magazines,brochures and so forth.
所用方法：延伸解釋法和舉例論證法
支持句2.With the presence of advertising,a consumer is able to acquire the latest information in the market,such as features of a product or service,and thereby making a wiser buying decision.
所用方法：延伸解釋法和舉例論證法
支持句3.By contrast,without advertising,a consumer is at the risk of purchasing a product that fails to meet all of his or her needs,because of lack of knowledge of better alternatives in the market.
所用方法：對(duì)比反證法(假設(shè)消失法)
拓展例題的第二個(gè)分支觀點(diǎn)
What is also worth noticing here is that advertising serves to stimulate consumption and contributes to economic development.(正面觀點(diǎn)2)
支持句1.As said before,advertising is responsible to introduce a product,but in reality,it does more than that.
所用方法：延伸解釋法
支持句2.Advertising describes a product in such an impressive way and with adding so many visual appeals that it always succeeds in attracting the eyes of the customers and driving them into a final purchase.
所用方法：延伸解釋法
支持句3.In addition,advertising reminds the intended customers of their existing needs or create fresh needs,keeping them aware that only by purchasing a product can their needs be met.
所用方法：延伸解釋法
支持句4.By these two approaches,advertising encourages spending and contributes to economic development.
所用方法：因果關(guān)系法
拓展例題的第三個(gè)分支觀點(diǎn)
In spite of its importance,there is no denying that every now and then,advertising leads customers into an impulsive purchase,thereby causing wasteful spending.(反面觀點(diǎn))
支持句1：It is a shared convention in the advertising industry that some properties of a product are highlighted while the others are simplified.
支持句2：A product,when promoted well,will be highly desired by many,as customers are misguided to ignore the products’downsides.
支持句3：It accounts for why many shoppers regret their buying decisions before long,observing that what they have bought is not what they actually need or fails to live up to their expectations.
live up to one’s expectation:滿足期望，符合期望
支持句4：Cosmetics and dietary supplements are among those typical examples,costing buyers a lot but not achieving desirable outcomes.
以上就是我對(duì)振凱雅思大作文主體段的一些個(gè)人見(jiàn)解，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助!
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